Urea-aformaldehyde resins, abbreviated UF. The polymer obtained by the reaction of urea and formaldehyde, also known as urea formaldehyde resin.

Crosslinking occurs during processing and molding, and the product is a thermosetting resin that is insoluble and non-melting. The cured urea-formaldehyde resin is lighter in color than phenolic resin, translucent, resistant to weak acid, weak alkali, good insulation performance, excellent wear resistance, cheap price, but easy to decompose in case of strong acid and strong alkali, poor weather resistance.

Urea and 37% formaldehyde aqueous solution can be polycondensed under the catalysis of acid or alkali to obtain linear urea-formaldehyde oligomers, industrially with alkali as catalyst, reaction at about 95 °C, formaldehyde/urea molar ratio of 1.5~2.0 to ensure that the resin can be cured. The first step of the reaction is to generate mono- and bis(hydroxymethyl)ureas, and then hydroxymethyl is further condensed with amino groups to obtain soluble resins, which if catalyzed by acid, easily lead to gels. The product can only be stored under neutral conditions.

Linear urea-formaldehyde resin can be cured at room temperature when ammonium chloride is used as a curing agent. The molding powder is heated and cured at 130~160 °C, and accelerators such as zinc sulfate, trimethyl phosphate, diethyl oxalate, etc. can accelerate the curing process.

Urea-formaldehyde resin is mainly used in the manufacture of molded plastics, daily necessities and electrical parts, and can also be used as board adhesives, paper and fabric slurries, veneers, building decorative panels, etc. Due to their light color and easy coloring, the products tend to be rich and beautiful.

Urea-formaldehyde resin is generally a water-soluble resin, easier to cure, the cured resin is non-toxic, colorless, good light resistance, long-term use does not change color, thermoforming does not change color, can be added a variety of colorants to prepare a variety of bright color products.

Urea-formaldehyde resin is hard, scratch-resistant, resistant to weak acid, weak alkali and grease and other media, cheap, with certain toughness, but it is easy to absorb water, so water resistance and electrical properties are poor, heat resistance is not high.

Urea-formaldehyde resin is used in a wide range of applications, in addition to being used as molding compounds, laminated plastics, foam plastics, can also be used to make water-soluble adhesives to bond wood; Used as an anti-shrinkage and anti-crepe treatment agent for fabrics; Used as a varnish for paper to improve the wet strength of the paper.

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